Abstract: Coal gangue containing components such as humic acid, organic matter, and microorganisms, can be utilized as a soil amendment or raw material for organic fertilizers. These components effectively enhances soil fertility, improves soil aggregate structure, and promotes crop growth. In order to explore the feasibility of using coal gangue to improve sandy soil in northern Shaanxi, pot experiments were conducted in this paper to study the effects of coal gangue amendment on sandy soil properties and wheat growth. The results showed that adding coal gangue amendment increased the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in soil, and its promotion was positively correlated with the amount of improver and the proportion of straw in amendment components; coal gangue amendment is beneficial to the growth of wheat, and its plant height increases in different degrees; the peroxidase activity and chlorophyll content of wheat leaves increased with the increase of amendment dosage, but the malondialdehyde content was opposite. In conclusion, coal gangue amendment effectively improves Northern Shaanxi sandy soil. In the selected coal gangue amendment, considering the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, it is suggested to apply 30% coal gangue amendment (the proportion of coal gangue is 80%) to sandy soil in northern Shaanxi.