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    “光伏+生态”治理模式下采煤沉陷区地面形变综合信息监测方法研究

    Research on comprehensive information monitoring methodsfor ground deformation in coal mining subsidence areas underthe “photovoltaic + ecology” governance model

    • 摘要: 为实现采煤沉陷区“光伏+生态”综合治理,构建绿色低碳循环经济体系,以宁夏宁东煤矿塌陷区作为研究区,以准确获取地面形变综合信息为目标,综合运用合成孔径雷达、激光扫描、倾斜摄影、物联网监测的技术手段,耦合三维地质建模及GIS技术,开展了国能宁东光伏基地地面形变综合信息监测关键技术研究。构建了“天(航天)-空(低空)-地(地表、地下)”一体化的高精度、多尺度立体监测体系;建立了由矿山测量数据、地表形变监测数据、数字摄影测量数据、激光雷达数据、移动监测数据、沉陷区三维地质模型、倾斜摄影模型、数字高程模型等构成的多维数据仓库;提出了地面形变综合信息监测平台的建设方案,研发了具有自主知识产权的基于Web GIS的采煤沉陷区地面形变综合信息监测系统,并进行了现场应用;实现了“天、空、地”一体化信息监管、地上地下三维场景展示与分析、沉陷区范围动态感知、地质灾害综合预警等功能;可为地下煤矿开采诱发灾害“实时感知、动态评价、预警分析和综合整治”四位一体提供技术支撑,助力“光伏+生态”综合治理。

       

      Abstract: In order to achieve the comprehensive management of “photovoltaic + ecology” in coal mining subsidence areas and build a green, low-carbon and circular economy system, the Ningdong coal mining subsidence areas in Ningxia was taken as the research area. The goal is to accurately obtain comprehensive information on ground deformation, utilizing technologies such as synthetic aperture radar, laser scanning, oblique photography, and Internet of Things monitoring, coupled with 3D geological modeling and GIS technology, to conduct key technical research on comprehensive monitoring of ground deformation information at the State Power Ningdong Photovoltaic Base. A high-precision, multi-scale three-dimensional monitoring system has been established that integrates “space(aerospace)- air(low altitude)- ground (surface, underground)”; Established a multi-dimensional data warehouse consisting of mining survey data, ground deformation monitoring data, digital photogrammetry data, LiDAR data, mobile monitoring data, 3D geological models of coal mining subsidence areas, oblique photography models, digital elevation models, etc; A construction plan for a comprehensive information monitoring platform for ground deformation has been proposed, and a Web GIS based comprehensive information monitoring system for ground deformation in coal mining subsidence areas has been developed with independent intellectual property rights, which has been applied in the field; it has achieved integrated information supervision of “space, air, and ground”, display and analysis of three-dimensional scenes above and below the ground, dynamic sensing of coal mining subsidence area boundaries, and comprehensive early warning of geological disasters, among other functions; it can provide technical support for the four-in-one system of “real-time perception, dynamic evaluation, early warning analysis, and comprehensive remediation” to induce disasters in underground coal mining, and assist in the “photovoltaic + ecology” comprehensive governance.

       

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