Abstract: With With the rapid development of smart mines, the network architecture with multi-load, large bandwidth and low latency has become the key infrastructure to support the high-quality operation and intelligent transformation of mines. This paper conducts simulation research on the multi-bearing network topology architecture of smart mines, aiming to optimize the performance of smart mine networks and improve their security. Firstly, based on the actual business requirements of smart mines in motion control, process control, video surveillance, environmental awareness and other aspects, the equipment stacking technology enhanced by wired network and LACP link aggregation control protocol under the background of multi-network integration are studied to enhance the redundancy of industrial ring network and reduce the impact of single point of failure on the network. In terms of wireless network, the AC wireless controller side-by-side mode is adopted, and the wireless wide-area access network of AC + AP architecture is constructed in combination with the new generation of wifi6 access points, and the wireless sensor network is integrated by using its wide coverage characteristics to realize the monitoring of environmental parameters (such as temperature, gas concentration), so as to construct a multi-level integrated network topology covering industrial Ethernet, wireless sensor network, wifi6 wireless network and so on. With the help of simulation tools, the performance of the network in data transmission, real-time and reliability is evaluated. Secondly, aiming at the security threats faced by the smart mine network, the technologies of GRE over IPsec data encryption communication, remote access of wireless network personnel SSL VPN, vlan logic isolation and firewall are studied. A multi-level security strategy covering network boundary protection, data encryption transmission and defense mechanism is proposed, and its effectiveness is verified by experimental simulation. The research results show that the multi-bearing network architecture proposed in this paper can meet the network requirements of smart mines for high bandwidth, low latency and high reliability. The security strategies implemented based on this architecture, including boundary protection, encrypted transmission, terminal access control and logical isolation, can effectively resist potential network attacks, provide theoretical support for the planning, construction and safe operation of smart mine networks, and have reference value for related engineering practices.