Abstract: To address the difficulties in integrating multi-source heterogeneous data, delays in geological model updating, and insufficiently timely responses to safety risks, a cloud-edge collaborative technical framework for transparent mine development was established based on a cloud GIS platform. Supported by a cloud-edge collaboration architecture, an integrated full-process platform covering data perception, transmission, platform services, and application was developed, enabling the distributed management and high-performance computing of terabyte-scale geological and monitoring data. A multi-source heterogeneous geological data fusion method was developed, together with a three-level constrained modeling framework encompassing the mining area, mine, and working face. In addition, an intelligent modeling algorithm for complex geological structures was established based on a triangulated irregular network (TIN). An adaptive expansion search strategy based on the half-edge structure was further proposed to enable the rapid dynamic update of geological models. Engineering application at the No. 1 Mine of Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Pingdingshan No. 1 Mine) demonstrated that the system increased modeling efficiency by 78% and enabled geological model updates within seconds. Moreover, roadway excavation efficiency increased by 31.7%, while the effective cutting rate of the shearer reached 94.3%. The early-warning capabilities for roof hazards and water-related hazards were also significantly enhanced.