Abstract: The safe and efficient production of coal mines in China has long been constrained by the mining-excavation imbalance. In recent years, integrated rapid excavation-support-transportation technology has advanced rapidly, and a routine advance rate of over 1 000 m per month has been achieved in some mining areas, significantly alleviating the mining-excavation imbalance. However, as coal mining extends to greater depths, high in-situ stress, complex geological conditions, and semi coal-rock occurrence environments pose new challenges to excavation processes, equipment and intelligent technologies. This paper systematically reviews the integrated rapid excavation-support-transportation technical system, focusing on the principles, breakthroughs and application progress of core technologies, including spatiotemporal collaborative zoned parallel support theory, high-efficiency full-width drum cutting methods, flexible continuous transportation systems, and three-curtain collaborative dust control technology. It also analyzes the roles of these technologies in addressing engineering challenges such as bolt-support coordination, efficient rock breaking, complex roadway transportation and high-concentration dust management. In the context of intelligent coal mine development and based on engineering application maturity, intelligent excavation technologies are classified into three levels: routine operation, function-verification type, and large-model empowerment. Routine operation technologies mainly include remote centralized control, multi-machine coordination and electronic fences; function-verification technologies mainly include positioning and attitude determination, adaptive cutting and intelligent bolt support; and large-model-empowered technologies mainly include intelligent equipment operation and maintenance, rolling modeling of surrounding rock conditions and intelligent optimization of support processes, real-time perception of coal-rock interfaces, and embodied intelligent excavation. Finally, based on the development trend of digital rock mechanics, a research approach that deeply integrates precise autonomous excavation with digital rock mechanics is proposed, a new digital excavation paradigm is constructed with transparency in geological structures and physical properties, stress-damage states, and disaster risks as its core connotations, thereby providing theoretical support and technical guidance for safe, efficient, intelligent and unmanned heading in deep coal mines under complex conditions.