Multi-scenario collaborative heat-hazards prevention and control technology and its engineering application in deep mines of the Pingdingshan Mining Area

A multi-scenario collaborative refrigeration and cooling method was developed for fixed workstations, mobile operations, and scattered work sites in deep mines of the Pingdingshan Mining Area, where high temperature and humidity, dispersed workplaces, and stringent explosion-proof constraints pose significant heat-hazard challenges. A three-level collaborative prevention and control system integrating rapid refrigeration, distributed cold storage, and personal cooling was established. A mine explosion-proof freezer, a pneumatic cold-storage air-supply box, a self-contained cool-air respirator, and a mine cooling vest were developed, and field industrial tests were conducted at 21 representative high-temperature work sites across 10 units affiliated with Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co., Ltd. The test scenarios covered coal mining faces, heading faces, shield-tunnelling lines, and local maintenance sites, with ambient temperatures of 32–38 ℃ and relative humidity of 70%–100%. The results show that the refrigeration temperature of the mine explosion-proof freezer remained between −23.39 and −21.05 ℃ during 10.0 h of continuous operation; the outlet air temperature of the pneumatic cold-storage air-supply box ranged from 22.9 to 30.5 ℃, with an average temperature reduction of approximately 8.0 ℃; the inhaled-air temperature of the self-contained cool-air respirator was 25.4–26.0 ℃ after 60 min of operation; and the mine cooling vest showed no obvious displacement during 2 h of continuous wear, while the core body-surface temperature remained at 31.8–33.2 ℃. The equipment accumulated more than 8 000 h of operation, with no safety failures or obvious performance degradation during the test period. After system implementation, the continuous working time per shift at representative high-temperature work sites increased by 2.0 h, personnel rotation frequency decreased by 50%, labor productivity increased by 5%–10%, and the frequency of heat-related equipment failures decreased by 40%. The proposed system enables hierarchical transfer of cooling capacity from centralized preparation to local cooling, breathing-zone cooling, and body-surface thermal protection, providing an engineering reference for multi-scenario heat-hazard prevention and control in deep mines.